Several tons of wastes are released every year from factories, industries, office premises. Even households contribute to a large amount of wastes. That is why the governments have designed certain methods that will help deal with the problems. The waste management is rather difficult if not done in an effective and well-organised manner. The management procedure includes the collection of the wastes, transporting them, and disposing of. Sewage, garbage, and other waste products are the solid wastes that are treated by proper waste management techniques.
All the wastes are not dumped in the landfill. Proper checking is to be done if there are any recyclable products. Thus, wastes are categorized into two main categories- controlled and non-controlled wastes. The controlled wastes are reused after recycling them by giving them proper shape and form. The garbage is made to use as a valuable resource by recycling it. The non-controlled wastes are radioactive elements, inert elements and hence they are dumped in the landfills or buried. Other toxic wastes that are in the form of chemicals are treated in the treatment plants till they are reduced to harmless compounds.
Different Types of Waste Disposing Methods-
There are several ways by which wastes can be managed. They are reduction and reuse of source, recycling, composting, landfills, fermenting, land application and incineration. Several of these methods can be practiced at home to reduce the number of wastes.
Let us learn some of the ways by which we can reduce waste generation-
Recycling
Recycling is the process by which several wastes were converted into new ones so that no fresh products were consumed and energy was saved. Recycling involves reducing the use of energy , landfill volume and pollution in air and water. The greenhouse emission will be reduced and the natural resources will be preserved.
Incineration
Incineration is commonly known as combustion. The solid wastes are burned out at a high temperature so that they are converted to gaseous products and residues. The total volume of the wastes will be reduced to a minimum of 20-30% from the original. The process is also called thermal treatment where the solid wastes are converted into gas, heat, steam and ash by the incinerators.
Landfill
The most common way of disposing wastes is landfill. The method is very simple. A patch of land is dug and the wastes are buried in them. Landfills are there in every area. Before the wastes are buried they are treated to remove out the dangers and odours that come with the wastes. Though this is the most popular method of disposing of wastes still it is being reconsidered in many areas now as these have the potentiality to cause contamination. Also, the lesser amount of available space is also a cause of restricting landfill practice.
To ensure proper waste management waste collection services should be good and well-organised. This will ensure that the waste collection bins are clean and no pollution is spreading from there.
